Derived Rules from the Ḥadīth on Commencement of Qur’ānic Revelation

Abstract

The life of the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) constitutes an exemplary model of guidance for Muslims, as affirmed by Almighty Allah in the Qur’an. His life can broadly be divided into two principal periods: the Meccan and the Madinan periods. Both phases provide an exemplary model of faith, character, conduct, and religious practice. Even before the commencement of his prophethood, the Prophet (PBUH) was widely known in Makkah as al-Ṣādiq (the Truthful) and al-Amīn (the Trustworthy), qualities that remained defining characteristics of his personality throughout his life. The Meccan period holds particular significance in the study of the Prophetic Sīrah, as it established the theological, ethical, and spiritual foundations upon which the Madinan period was subsequently built. A substantial portion of the Qur’an was revealed during this period, addressing fundamental matters of faith, worship, morality, human conduct, and the relationship between the Creator and His creation. Accordingly, the study of the Meccan Sīrah is essential for understanding the development of the Prophetic mission and the foundations of Islamic teachings. This article particularly focuses on the first revelation of the Qur’an and examines the principles, commands, and guidance embodied in this momentous event. It seeks to demonstrate that the commencement of revelation marked not only the beginning of the Prophetic mission but also established fundamental teachings and principles that shaped the subsequent development of Islam. The study therefore offers a detailed analysis of the first revelation and highlights its theological, ethical, and practical implications for understanding the Meccan phase of the Prophetic mission.