Ethnic, Linguistic and Religious Aggression: A Global Social Challenge and Its Remedy in the Light of the Prophetic Life

لسانی، مذہبی اور نسلی جارحیت: ایک بین الاقوامی سماجی چیلنج اور اس کا تدارک سیرتِ نبوی ﷺ کی روشنی میں

Abstract

The contemporary Muslim world faces profound social challenges rooted in linguistic, religious and racial conflicts that threaten communal harmony and societal progress. Despite advancements in global human rights frameworks, these forms of aggression continue to sow division, intolerance and injustice within and beyond Muslim societies. This research critically examines the exemplary life of the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ as a comprehensive blueprint for addressing and resolving these enduring social maladies. Drawing upon seminal moments such as the Charter of Medina, the clemency displayed during the conquest of Mecca, and the Farewell Pilgrimage sermon, this study elucidates how the Prophet’s ﷺ teachings and practices established foundational principles of respect for linguistic diversity, religious pluralism, and racial equality. By integrating authentic Ḥadīths and classical Sīrah literature, the paper argues that the prophetic model not only promotes ethical governance but also fosters sustainable social cohesion rooted in justice, mutual respect and human dignity. This research underscores the urgent need for the Ummah to realign its socio-political strategies with the moral and practical guidance derived from the Sīrah, thereby transforming contemporary conflicts into opportunities for unity and constructive coexistence. Ultimately, this study contributes to the broader discourse on social reform within Islam, offering a transformative framework to counteract sectarianism, ethnic discrimination and linguistic prejudice through the timeless wisdom of the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ.