Al-Mithaq ( Research Journal of Islamic Theology)
type: channel
description: Al-Mīthāq (Research Journal of Islamic Theology) ISSN: 2791-0989 (P), 2791-0997 (E) is a tri-lingual (Urdu, English and Arabic), Double-Blind Peer-Reviewed, Open access, Quarterly Research Journal, is published by Hira Institute of Social Sciences Research & Development. In this journal different aspects of Islamic theology and their impact on Muslim world are discussed.
publisher: Hira Institute of Social Science Research & Development
language: en
publication name: Al-Mithaq ( Research Journal of Islamic Theology)
issn: 2791-0989
items: A Special Study of the Preaching Methodology in the Ghazawāt and Sarāyā in the Light of Bayān al-Qurʾān by Dr. Israr Ahmad
items: Islamic Ethical Values and Economic System: A Research and Analytical Study
items: The Influence of the Political Milieu on al-Ḥarīrī,s Maqāmāt
items: Islamic Law of Inheritance and Distribution of the Deceased’s Estate in the Light of Shariah Teachings
items: The Revelation of the Qur’ān and the Thoughts of Craig Considine
items: Guidance from Sūrah Yūsuf for the Moral and Character Development of the Young Generation
items: Shariah-Compliant Governance Framework for HR Practices in Karachi’s IT Sector
items: The Historical and Theoretical Foundations of the Evolution of Fiqh al-Aqalliyyāt
items: Spiritual Training and the Prophetic Sīrah
items: An Analytical Study of the 19th-Century Modern Atheistic Movement in the Indian Subcontinent in the Light of Tafsīr Ḥaqqānī
items: A Study of the Status of the Prophet (PBUH) in the Light of the Holy Qur’ān and Its Effects
items: The Intellectual and Practical Role of Pīr Meher ʻAlī Shāh in the Refutation of Qadianism
items: The Role of Reasoning and Nature (Fiṭrah) in Shaping and Originating the Objectives of Sharīʿah: A Study in the Perspectives of Early and Later Muslim Scholars
items: A Research Based Study of the Objectives of Sharīʻah and Juristic Legal Maxims as Mentioned in the Fatawa of Dārul ʻUlūm Deoband by Muftī Muḥammad Shafīʿ
items: Syed Abul Aʻalā Mawdūdī’s Methodology in Responding to Contemporary Atheistic Critiques on Islamic Modesty (Pardah)
items: Prophetic Teachings on Combating Environmental Pollution and Our Responsibilities
items: Ḥadīth Ḍa‘īf: Methodological Differences and Practical Implementation: An Analytical Study
items: Women’s Adornment and Plastic Surgery: A Critical Analysis of Ja‘farī Jurisprudence and Contemporary Juristic Ijtihādāt
items: A Comparative Analysis of Madaris and Sīrah-Based Education Systems
items: Analytical Study of Family and Social Issues of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
items: Dhikr, Gratitude, and Patience: A Comprehensive Concept of the Path of Servitude in the Light of the Holy Qur’ān (Thematic Analysis of Sūrah Al-Baqarah Ᾱyāt152–157)
items: Standards of Reasoning from the Tacit Approvals of the Prophet (ﷺ)
items: Obstacles to Social Peace and Stability and their Remedies
items: The Negative Effects of Using Tik-Tok and Instagram on Muslim Youth and its Solution in Islamic Teachings
items: An Analysis of the Critiques of Ṣūfī Beliefs on Prophethood and Messengership
items: Islamic Principles of Child Education and Upbringing and the Role of Parents: Study of Qur’ānic Teachings
items: Juristic Discourses and Modern Issues Concerning the Offspring of Crossbreeding between Ḥalāl and Ḥarām Animals: A Study in the Light of Ḥanafī Fiqh
items: The Defense of the Doctrine of Finality of Prophethood: A Study of Local and International Efforts
items: Scientific Exegesis within the Parameters of Sharīʻah: An Analytical Study of the Arguments of Proponents and Opponents
items: A Special Study of the Appreciation and Literary Trends from the Study of the Sīrat-al-Nabī (ﷺ) by Orientalists

A Special Study of the Preaching Methodology in the Ghazawāt and Sarāyā in the Light of Bayān al-Qurʾān by Dr. Israr Ahmad
type: item
description: The Holy Qur’ān does not present the idea of salvation as limited to an individual alone; rather, it portrays the whole of humanity as part of a historical struggle. The climax of this historical struggle is the call towards Allāh (Da ‘wah ilā Allāh), a responsibility entrusted to the Muslim Ummah from Prophet Adam (peace be upon him) to Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ). According to Dr. Israr Ahmed, understanding the continuity of this call towards Allah is the true objective of understanding the Qur’ān. According to Dr. Israr Ahmed, the purpose of the battles and expeditions (Ghazawāt and Sarāyā) was to establish an organized state system and to raise the Word of Allāh, so that the correct methodology of Islamic propagation could be built upon a proper structure. Thus, the Ghazawāt and Sarāyā were not merely military operations; rather, they were a living example of a collective struggle extending from the individual to the level of society as a whole.
subject: Urdu Articles
  topic: section
subject: Historical Struggle
  topic: keywords
subject: Da‘wah
  topic: keywords
subject: Muslim Ummah
  topic: keywords
subject: Ghazawāt and Sarāyā
  topic: keywords
subject: Islamic State
  topic: keywords
subject: Collective Societal Struggle
  topic: keywords
creator: Mahnaz Shouket
creator: Dr. Muhammad Ilyas Khawaja
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-12-31
publication date: 2025-12-31
starting page: 159
ending page: 174

Islamic Ethical Values and Economic System: A Research and Analytical Study
type: item
description: This research paper examines the profound interconnection between Islamic moral values and the economic system, highlighting how ethics serve as the foundation of an equitable and sustainable economy in Islam. The study delves into core values such as taqwā (God-consciousness), ʻadl (justice), iḥsān (benevolence), ukhuwah (brotherhood), and taʻāwun (cooperation), exploring their practical implications on wealth creation, distribution, and consumption. Through analyzing these principles, the paper illustrates how the Islamic economic model promotes fairness, eliminates exploitative practices like usury and hoarding, and encourages social welfare through zakāt, waqf, and voluntary charity. Moreover, the research explores the pivotal concept of ḥalāl and ḥarām in Islamic economics, analyzing its application in income generation, wealth exchange, and distribution. By evaluating Islamic financial institutions, interest-free banking mechanisms (like mudārabah and mushārakah), and judicial enforcement of economic justice, the study identifies how moral standards are practically integrated within modern Islamic economies. The findings affirm the relevance of Islamic ethical guidelines in addressing global economic crises and propose actionable strategies for implementing these values in contemporary financial systems.
subject: Urdu Articles
  topic: section
subject: Islamic Economics
  topic: keywords
subject: Moral Values
  topic: keywords
subject: Economic Justice
  topic: keywords
subject: Finance
  topic: keywords
subject: Social Welfare
  topic: keywords
subject: Islamic Banking
  topic: keywords
creator: Dr. Hafiz Shabbir Ahmad
creator: Muhammad Waqar Younus
creator: Shahzad Ahmad
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-12-31
publication date: 2025-12-31
starting page: 141
ending page: 158

The Influence of the Political Milieu on al-Ḥarīrī,s Maqāmāt
type: item
description: This paper presents a brief study of the political environment reflected in the Maqāmāt of al-Ḥarīrī. It outlines the political context of the Abbasid period, provides a concise definition of the maqāmah as a literary genre, and discusses the reasons for its emergence. The study then highlights how al-Ḥarīrī depicts contemporary political and administrative realities through satire, narrative structure, and rhetorical expression. It argues that the Maqāmāt offer an implicit portrayal of political instability and social conditions, revealing the interaction between literary form and political context. Using a descriptive and analytical approach, the paper demonstrates that al-Ḥarīrī’s Maqāmāt serve as both a literary innovation and a reflection of their political milieu.
subject: Arabic Articles
  topic: section
subject: Politics
  topic: keywords
subject: Maqāmāt, Al-Ḥarīrī
  topic: keywords
subject: Administrative
  topic: keywords
subject: Innovation
  topic: keywords
subject: Milieu
  topic: keywords
creator: Dr. Muhammad Ans
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-12-31
publication date: 2025-12-31
starting page: 1
ending page: 10

Islamic Law of Inheritance and Distribution of the Deceased’s Estate in the Light of Shariah Teachings
type: item
description: The title “Division of Property” primarily refers to the distribution of inheritance, and the present study likewise focuses on the Islamic law of inheritance distribution. Since the division of an estate is not possible without first properly formulating the inheritance problem (masʾala), this study begins by explaining the method of preparing inheritance calculations and subsequently elaborates on the principles governing the actual distribution of inheritance. Given that certain inheritance scenarios differ from standard cases, a separate section is devoted to addressing such exceptional situations. Accordingly, this thesis is structured into three main sections. The first section, Inheritance Calculations, deals with the technical preparation of the masʾala. Its most crucial component is the determination of mukhārij al-furūḍ (denominators of the fixed shares), which are discussed in detail. Since these denominators may sometimes increase or decrease, the principles of ʿawl and radd are examined to resolve such complexities. Furthermore, when shares cannot be evenly divided among heirs, the method of taṣḥīḥ al-masāʾil (correction of the inheritance problem) is explained to ensure accurate allocation of shares. The second section, Distribution of Inheritance, addresses the practical application of these calculations. The distribution process is carried out in two stages. The first stage explains how the estate is distributed among the deceased’s heirs, detailing both group-based and individual shares. The second stage discusses the preparation of the masʾala and the subsequent distribution of the estate among creditors, where applicable. In cases where heirs do not receive their precise shares, the process of taṣḥīḥ al-taqsīm (correction of distribution) is comprehensively discussed. The third section focuses on Special Cases in Inheritance Distribution. These include situations where an heir relinquishes his or her share in return for a specific asset from the e…
subject: Urdu Articles
  topic: section
subject: Inheritance
  topic: keywords
subject: Property
  topic: keywords
subject: Shares
  topic: keywords
subject: Islamic Teachings
  topic: keywords
subject: Legal Implications
  topic: keywords
creator: Ikram Ullah
creator: Dr. Zeenat Haroon
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-12-31
publication date: 2025-12-31
starting page: 120
ending page: 140

The Revelation of the Qur’ān and the Thoughts of Craig Considine
type: item
description: The revelation of the Qurʾān (waḥy) constitutes the foundational source of Islamic belief, law, and worldview, and occupies a central position in Muslim theological and intellectual tradition. In contemporary Western scholarship, the Qurʾān and its revelatory nature have been approached from diverse perspectives, including sociological, ethical, and interfaith frameworks. Among these contemporary voices is Craig Considine, a Christian sociologist whose writings focus on Christian–Muslim relations, religious pluralism, and the ethical dimensions of Islamic teachings. This study critically examines the concept of Qurʾānic revelation in light of Craig Considine’s interpretations and reflections. It explores how Considine engages with the Qurʾān primarily as a moral and humanistic text aimed at fostering interreligious understanding, rather than as a divinely revealed scripture defined by classical Islamic doctrines of waḥy. By comparing his sociological and inclusive readings with the traditional Islamic understanding of Qurʾānic revelation as preserved in the sciences of the Qurʾān (ʿUlūm al-Qurʾān) and classical tafsīr, the article highlights points of convergence and divergence between the two approaches. The study argues that while Considine’s perspective contributes positively to interfaith dialogue and counters Islamophobic narratives, it remains limited in addressing the theological depth and epistemological framework of Qurʾānic revelation as understood within Islamic scholarship. The article thus seeks to situate Considine’s thoughts within broader contemporary discourse and assess their relevance and limitations from an Islamic academic standpoint.
subject: Urdu Articles
  topic: section
subject: Qurʾānic Revelation
  topic: keywords
subject: Islamic Belief
  topic: keywords
subject: Craig Considine
  topic: keywords
subject: Tafsīr
  topic: keywords
subject: Islamic Doctrines
  topic: keywords
creator: Riffat Faheem
creator: Dr. Noreen Butt
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-12-31
publication date: 2025-12-31
starting page: 110
ending page: 119

Guidance from Sūrah Yūsuf for the Moral and Character Development of the Young Generation
type: item
description: Sūrat Yūsuf presents one of the most comprehensive Qurʾānic narratives, offering profound moral, spiritual, and psychological guidance that is highly relevant to the character development of the young generation. This study explores the ethical and moral lessons embedded in the life of Prophet Yūsuf (ʿalayhi al-salām), focusing on their applicability to contemporary youth facing moral, social, and identity-based challenges. Through a qualitative thematic analysis of selected verses, the paper highlights core values such as patience in adversity, self-restraint in the face of temptation, trust in divine wisdom, integrity, forgiveness, and resilience. The narrative demonstrates how moral excellence is cultivated through trials rather than comfort, emphasizing emotional discipline, moral agency, and steadfast faith. The study further argues that Sūrat Yūsuf provides a holistic framework for character education that integrates spiritual consciousness with ethical conduct and social responsibility. By contextualizing these Qurʾānic principles within modern educational and social realities, the paper underscores the enduring relevance of Sūrat Yūsuf as a foundational source for nurturing morally upright, emotionally resilient, and socially responsible youth.
subject: Urdu Articles
  topic: section
subject: Qurʾān
  topic: keywords
subject: Guidance
  topic: keywords
subject: Spiritual
  topic: keywords
subject: Youth
  topic: keywords
subject: Character
  topic: keywords
creator: Romaisa Ameer
creator: Dr. Kalsoom Paracha
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-12-31
publication date: 2025-12-31
starting page: 101
ending page: 109

Shariah-Compliant Governance Framework for HR Practices in Karachi’s IT Sector
type: item
description: This research investigates the congruence between the fast-developing IT sector of Karachi, Human Resource (HR) practices, and the principles of Islamic law and ethics, and based on this elaborates a HR governance framework of a Shariah compliance. The research employs qualitative multiple-case studies, which will span the years 2024 to 2025, and analyses the key employment-related documents, which were voluntarily provided to the researcher by the software companies of varying sizes. These documents include appointment letters, employment contracts, HR policy manuals, and performance and disciplinary management records. To see if these documents fulfil the basic conditions of Shariah law on employment relations, the research employs both content and thematic analyses. The study focuses on informed mutual consent, transparency and lack of (gharar) ambiguity in job duties, salary, hours of work, and grounds for termination. The study also focuses on the absence of, and protection from, exploitation, inadequacy of pay and delays in payment of wages, and absence of, and the absence of, unreasonable discretionary power to employment relations. Despite many organizations showing basic compliance and gathering all necessary paperwork, copious amounts of gaps still remain in Shariah-focused HR governance. Most of these gaps relate to vague/unaddressed overtime policies, vague job descriptions, and unethical hiring practices such as dummy interviews, aggressive headhunting, and referrals without merit. Furthermore, employee welfare policies, especially those targeting stress and burnout in IT environments, are often absent or inadequate. HR managers generally do not consider HR functions to be an amānah, or moral responsibility. They main relinquish the ideals of integrity, fairness, and compassion, and simply treat them as niceties or optional practices. In light of these findings, the study presents a pragmatic and innovative HR governance plan that focuses on clear job d…
subject: English Articles
  topic: section
subject: Islamic HRM
  topic: keywords
subject: HR Governance
  topic: keywords
subject: Shariah Compliance
  topic: keywords
subject: Employment
  topic: keywords
subject: Contracts
  topic: keywords
creator: Muhammad Noman
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-12-31
publication date: 2025-12-31
starting page: 1
ending page: 20

The Historical and Theoretical Foundations of the Evolution of Fiqh al-Aqalliyyāt
type: item
description: The study explores the emergence, development, and intellectual grounding of Fiqh al-Aqalliyyāt (Jurisprudence of Muslim Minorities) within the broader framework of Islamic jurisprudence. It traces the historical roots of minority-related legal discussions from the classical period of Islamic law to the contemporary era, highlighting how changing socio-political contexts have necessitated fresh juristic responses. The research examines the theoretical foundations of Fiqh al-Aqalliyyāt, emphasizing the role of Maqāṣid al-Sharīʻah (objectives of Islamic law) as a guiding principle in addressing the unique challenges faced by Muslim minorities living in non-Muslim societies. It argues that traditional legal methodologies, while rooted in classical jurisprudence, require contextual reinterpretation through contemporary ijtihād to remain relevant and effective. Furthermore, the article analyzes the evolution of Islamic legal thought in response to globalization, migration, citizenship, and pluralistic societies, demonstrating how Fiqh al-Aqalliyyāt seeks to balance religious commitment with civic responsibility. The study underscores that this field is not a departure from Islamic legal tradition but an extension of its dynamic and adaptive nature. By situating Fiqh al-Aqalliyyāt within both historical continuity and modern legal discourse, the article highlights its significance as a vital area of contemporary Islamic jurisprudence, capable of offering practical and ethically grounded solutions for Muslim minorities in diverse global contexts.
subject: Urdu Articles
  topic: section
subject: Fiqh al-Aqalliyyāt
  topic: keywords
subject: Islamic Jurisprudence
  topic: keywords
subject: Ijtihād
  topic: keywords
subject: Minorities
  topic: keywords
subject: Legal Discourse
  topic: keywords
creator: Muhammad Shoaib Tayyab
creator: Dr. Muhammad Junaid Anwer
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-12-31
publication date: 2025-12-31
starting page: 92
ending page: 100

Spiritual Training and the Prophetic Sīrah
type: item
description: Islam offers a holistic framework for human development that addresses both the external and internal dimensions of life. Among its core objectives is tazkiyah the purification of the soul and moral refinement. The Prophetic Sīrah (biography of the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ) stands as a timeless model for spiritual training, providing a comprehensive system that nurtures sincerity, remembrance of Allah (dhikr), self-accountability, repentance, patience, gratitude, and noble character. This study explores the spiritual methodology embedded in the life of the Prophet ﷺ and analyzes its relevance for personal transformation and societal wellbeing. The Qur’ānic verse, "He purifies them and teaches them the Book and wisdom" (Sūrah Al-Jumu'ah: 2), encapsulates the Prophet’s ﷺ dual mission of intellectual enlightenment and inner purification. In an age dominated by materialism, psychological unrest, and ethical decline, the Prophetic model of spiritual development emerges as a vital remedy for the human soul. This paper argues for the urgent need to revive Sīrah-based spirituality across various platforms educational curricula, community institutions, media, and digital technology to cultivate conscious, ethical, and spiritually grounded individuals.
subject: Urdu Articles
  topic: section
subject: Sīrah
  topic: keywords
subject: Spiritual Methodology
  topic: keywords
subject: Ethics
  topic: keywords
subject: Spirituality
  topic: keywords
subject: Society
  topic: keywords
creator: Shabeela Liaqat
creator: Dr. Ali Raza Yousaf
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-12-31
publication date: 2025-12-31
starting page: 80
ending page: 91

An Analytical Study of the 19th-Century Modern Atheistic Movement in the Indian Subcontinent in the Light of Tafsīr Ḥaqqānī
type: item
description: This study examines the emergence of the modern atheistic movement in the nineteenth-century Indian Subcontinent and evaluates its intellectual foundations in light of Tafsīr Ḥaqqānī. The research highlights how forms of skepticism among the educated Muslim elite. British colonial rule, Western rationalism, scientific thought, and socio-cultural changes contributed to new It further analyzes Mawlānā ʿAbd al-Ḥaqq Ḥaqqānī’s interpretive approach, which responds to these challenges through a balanced integration of classical Islamic theology and reasoned argumentation. The study concludes that Tafsīr Ḥaqqānī serves as a significant scholarly defense of traditional Islamic belief against modern secular and atheistic interpretations, offering an enduring framework for understanding and countering contemporary ideological trends.
subject: Urdu Articles
  topic: section
subject: Atheistic Movement
  topic: keywords
subject: Indian Subcontinent
  topic: keywords
subject: Islamic Theology
  topic: keywords
subject: Western Rationalism
  topic: keywords
subject: Tafsīr Ḥaqqānī
  topic: keywords
creator: Hafiz Shabeer Ahmed
creator: Dr. Hafiz Iftikhar Ahmad
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-12-28
publication date: 2025-12-28
starting page: 63
ending page: 79

A Study of the Status of the Prophet (PBUH) in the Light of the Holy Qur’ān and Its Effects
type: item
description: The Qur’ān delineates the unparalleled status of the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH), presenting him not merely as a messenger but as the ultimate exemplar of divine guidance and moral perfection. The recognition of his Maqām (exalted rank) constitutes an essential component of Islamic belief, wherein obedience, reverence, and love for the Prophet are directly linked to the completeness of faith. This elevated position, as articulated in various Qur’ānic verses, manifests in two dimensions: theological significance and socio-practical impact. Theologically, Maqām-e-Muṣṭafā affirms his role as the medium of divine mercy, the seal of prophethood, and the embodiment of Qur’ānic values. Practically, it inspires individual spiritual refinement, fosters collective solidarity, and establishes a framework for justice and ethical conduct within society. By integrating doctrinal principles with practical imperatives, the Qur’ān underscores the enduring relevance of the Prophet’s status for the preservation of Islamic identity and the moral flourishing of the Muslim Ummah. This study, therefore, provides an analytical exploration of the Qur’ānic discourse on Maqam-e-Mustafa and its transformative impacts on both individual and communal levels.
subject: Urdu Articles
  topic: section
subject: Qur’ānic Discourse
  topic: keywords
subject: Prophet Muhammad
  topic: keywords
subject: Islamic Identity
  topic: keywords
subject: Theological Significance
  topic: keywords
subject: Socio-practical Impact
  topic: keywords
subject: Divine Mercy
  topic: keywords
creator: Dr. Farida
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-12-26
publication date: 2025-12-26
starting page: 53
ending page: 62

The Intellectual and Practical Role of Pīr Meher ʻAlī Shāh in the Refutation of Qadianism
type: item
description: Abstract This study examines the intellectual and practical role of Pīr Meher ʿAlī Shāh in the refutation of Qadianism (Ahmadiyya movement) during the late colonial period of the Indian subcontinent. It highlights his unique position as a Sufi-scholar who combined rigorous classical learning with spiritual authority and public engagement. On the intellectual level, the paper analyzes his scholarly critiques, most notably his reasoned response to Mirza Ghulam Ahmad’s doctrinal claims grounded in Qurʾān, Sunnah, consensus (ijmāʿ), and principles of Islamic theology and finality of prophethood (Khatm al-Nubuwwah). On the practical level, the study explores his role in mobilizing religious scholars, influencing public opinion, and safeguarding mainstream Sunni belief through debates, correspondence, and institutional support. The paper argues that Pīr Meher ʿAlī Shāh’s contribution represents a balanced model of scholarly refutation and ethical engagement, demonstrating how intellectual rigor, spiritual credibility, and social responsibility can effectively respond to doctrinal challenges. His approach not only countered Qadianism in his own time but also left a lasting impact on later movements defending Islamic orthodoxy in South Asia.
subject: Urdu Articles
  topic: section
subject: Pīr Meher ʿAlī Shāh
  topic: keywords
subject: Qadianism
  topic: keywords
subject: Ahmadiyya Movement
  topic: keywords
subject: Khatm al-Nubuwwah
  topic: keywords
subject: Refutation
  topic: keywords
subject: Sufism
  topic: keywords
creator: Dr. Muhammad Akram
creator: Muhammad Saad
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-12-25
publication date: 2025-12-25
starting page: 37
ending page: 52

The Role of Reasoning and Nature (Fiṭrah) in Shaping and Originating the Objectives of Sharīʿah: A Study in the Perspectives of Early and Later Muslim Scholars
type: item
description: This article explores the role of reason (‘aql) and human nature (fitrah) in the determination and inference of the objectives of Sharīʿah (Maqasid al- Sharīʿah) as understood by classical and modern scholars. It highlights that Sharīʿah is not merely a set of legal rules but a comprehensive system designed to ensure human well-being in both worldly and spiritual life. The study traces the historical evolution of the concept of Maqasid, from its early emergence in classical jurisprudence to its systematic articulation by later scholars such as Al-Shatibi. Classical scholars like Imam Shafi‘i, Imam Abu Hanifa, and Imam Malik emphasized the interplay of reason and human nature in understanding the wisdom and objectives behind legal rulings, while maintaining the primacy of textual evidence. Modern scholars, including Muhammad al-Tahir ibn Ashur, ‘Allal al-Fassi, and Yusuf al-Qaradawi, have expanded the scope of Maqasid to include human dignity, social justice, and civilizational interests, viewing reason and fitrah as essential tools for adapting Shariah to contemporary challenges. The article concludes that both reason and human nature serve as complementary guides in the comprehension and application of Shariah objectives, bridging the gap between textual injunctions and the ethical and societal imperatives they intend to serve.
subject: Urdu Articles
  topic: section
subject: Nature
  topic: keywords
subject: Reasoning
  topic: keywords
subject: Objectives of Sharīʿah
  topic: keywords
subject: Islamic History
  topic: keywords
subject: Islamic Teachings
  topic: keywords
creator: Salma Kaleem
creator: Dr. Ashfaq Ahmed
creator: Mah Rukh
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-03-31
publication date: 2025-03-31
starting page: 226
ending page: 233

A Research Based Study of the Objectives of Sharīʻah and Juristic Legal Maxims as Mentioned in the Fatawa of Dārul ʻUlūm Deoband by Muftī Muḥammad Shafīʿ
type: item
description: This research article presents an analytical study of the application of Maqāṣid al-Sharīʿah (the objectives of Islamic law) and major Qawāʿid Fiqhiyyah (juristic maxims) in Fatāwā Dār al-ʿUlūm Deoband authored by Mufti Muhammad Shafiʿ (d. 1396 AH). The study highlights Mufti Shafiʿ’s distinguished juristic methodology, developed during his tenure as Ṣadr Mufti of Dār al-ʿUlūm Deoband (1349–1362 AH), and later continued in Karachi. It demonstrates how his fatwas consistently balance textual evidences with higher objectives of the Sharīʿah, particularly the preservation of religion, life, intellect, lineage, and wealth. Through a thematic and analytical approach, the research examines numerous fatwas in which Mufti Muhammad Shafiʿ explicitly or implicitly employed maqāṣid-oriented reasoning, precautionary principles, and well-established juristic maxims such as al-ḍarūrāt tubīḥ al-maḥẓūrāt (necessities permit prohibitions), lā ḍarar wa lā ḍirār (no harm and no reciprocating harm), al-ʿurf muʿtabar (custom is legally recognized), and al-ḍarar yuzāl (harm must be eliminated). The article shows that while remaining firmly rooted in the Hanafi legal tradition, Mufti Shafiʿ adopted a pragmatic and socially conscious approach, particularly in matters related to modern challenges, public welfare, health crises, economic transactions, and social customs. The study concludes that Fatāwā Dār al-ʿUlūm Deoband represent a comprehensive and balanced model of applied Islamic jurisprudence, wherein adherence to classical principles is harmonized with consideration of societal realities and public interest. The research emphasizes the contemporary relevance of Mufti Muhammad Shafiʿ’s juristic methodology and recommends further comparative, thematic, and digital research on this significant corpus to facilitate its effective use in addressing modern legal and ethical issues in the Muslim world.
subject: Urdu Articles
  topic: section
subject: Maqāṣid al-Sharīʿah
  topic: keywords
subject: Legal Maxims
  topic: keywords
subject: Mufti Muhammad Shafiʿ
  topic: keywords
subject: Islamic Jurisprudence
  topic: keywords
subject: Islamic Thought
  topic: keywords
creator: Saifullah
creator: Dr. Ashfaq Ahmed
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-12-22
publication date: 2025-12-22
starting page: 28
ending page: 36

Syed Abul Aʻalā Mawdūdī’s Methodology in Responding to Contemporary Atheistic Critiques on Islamic Modesty (Pardah)
type: item
description: Syed Abul Aʻalā Mawdūdī adopted a comprehensive and multidimensional methodology in responding to contemporary atheistic critiques against Islamic concepts, particularly Islamic modesty (Pardah). Recognizing the diversity in intellectual capacity, social background, and psychological disposition of his audience, he employed varied styles of argumentation across his writings to effectively communicate his message. His approach combined rational reasoning, moral critique, sociological analysis, and persuasive discourse to address doubts and objections raised by modern atheistic thought. Mawdūdī viewed atheistic criticism of Islamic modesty not as an isolated issue but as part of a broader denial of God, religion, and moral restraints. He argued that such objections were driven by an underlying desire to free human beings from divine limits, ultimately subjecting them to unchecked desires, sexual indulgence, and materialistic domination. By systematically countering these critiques, Mawdūdī sought to reaffirm the moral, spiritual, and civilizational wisdom of Islamic teachings and successfully persuaded many religion-averse individuals of the intellectual and ethical validity of Islam. His methodology remains a significant model for engaging with modern ideological challenges to Islamic values.
subject: Urdu Articles
  topic: section
subject: Mawdūdī
  topic: keywords
subject: Islamic Modesty
  topic: keywords
subject: Pardah
  topic: keywords
subject: Atheistic Critiques
  topic: keywords
subject: Islamic Thought
  topic: keywords
creator: Muhammad Atta ul Baseer
creator: Dr. Fazal Ilahi Khan
creator: Amina Bibi
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-12-20
publication date: 2025-12-20
starting page: 20
ending page: 27

Prophetic Teachings on Combating Environmental Pollution and Our Responsibilities
type: item
description: This study examines the prophetic guidance related to environmental preservation and situates it within contemporary ecological challenges. Drawing upon Qur’anic principles of balance, moderation, and the purposeful order embedded in creation, the article highlights how the Prophet Muhammad’s (peace be upon him) teachings articulate a comprehensive ethic of environmental responsibility. The research surveys major forms of pollution, water, land, air, and noise, and analyzes relevant prophetic instructions that aim to prevent harm, maintain cleanliness, and safeguard natural resources. These teachings address both direct environmental concerns, such as preventing the contamination of water sources, maintaining public hygiene, and discouraging wasteful consumption, as well as broader ecological sensibilities rooted in compassion for all living beings. Although many modern environmental crises are products of industrialization and technological excess, the article demonstrates that the Prophet’s principles offer enduring ethical foundations for sustainable living. The concluding section outlines the individual and collective responsibilities that emerge from this prophetic framework and proposes how they can inform present-day efforts to counter environmental degradation. By rediscovering and implementing these teachings with conscious intent, Muslim societies can contribute meaningfully to global environmental stewardship.
subject: Urdu Articles
  topic: section
subject: Prophetic Teachings
  topic: keywords
subject: Environmental Ethics
  topic: keywords
subject: Pollution
  topic: keywords
subject: Sustainability
  topic: keywords
subject: Islamic Ecological Principles
  topic: keywords
creator: Dr. Kaleem Ullah
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-12-20
publication date: 2025-12-20
starting page: 01
ending page: 19

Ḥadīth Ḍa‘īf: Methodological Differences and Practical Implementation: An Analytical Study
type: item
description: This study critically explores the role of Ḥadith-e-Da‘if in shaping methodological differences and practical applications within the Islamic scholarly tradition. It examines the historical divergence among Ḥadith scholars regarding the acceptance and use of Da‘if narrations, categorizing approaches as precautionary, ijtihādī, and devotional-ethical. By analyzing theoretical frameworks alongside practical applications, the research assesses the adherence to established conditions for employing Hadith-e-Da‘if in historical contexts. Case studies of leading scholars, including Imam Ahmad, Imam Nawawi, and Ibn Hajar, reveal occasional gaps between stated principles and their practical implementation. These variations highlight both the richness and the complexity of Islamic jurisprudential discourse. The study concludes that while scholarly methodologies were rigorous in theory, practical implementation often reflected flexibility, underscoring the need for a balanced approach by contemporary scholars. This research offers insights into the interplay between Hadith criticism and its real-world application, providing guidance for methodologically sound utilization in modern scholarship.
subject: Urdu Articles
  topic: section
subject: Ḥadith-e-Da‘if
  topic: keywords
subject: Narrations
  topic: keywords
subject: Islamic Jurisprudential Discourse
  topic: keywords
subject: Ibn Hajar
  topic: keywords
creator: Hafiz Muhammad Sufyan
creator: Dr. Sagila Kausar
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-09-30
publication date: 2025-09-30
starting page: 106
ending page: 120

Women’s Adornment and Plastic Surgery: A Critical Analysis of Ja‘farī Jurisprudence and Contemporary Juristic Ijtihādāt
type: item
description: This article offers a critical and analytical examination of women’s adornment practices and the contemporary rise of cosmetic and plastic surgery, situating the debate within the jurisprudential frameworks of the four Sunni schools of law, the Jaʿfari school, and the positions of modern jurists. The rapid transformation of aesthetic standards in the modern world has not only reshaped social expectations but has also raised complex legal-ethical questions in Islamic jurisprudence. These questions include: To what extent are cosmetic modifications permissible? How should Islamic law distinguish between treatment, necessity, removal of defects, and mere beautification? And does plastic surgery constitute an unlawful alteration of God’s creation, or can it be considered a legitimate form of medical treatment? Drawing upon classical principles such as taghyīr khalq Allāh (altering creation), tashabbuh (imitation), ḍarar (harm), ḥājah (need), and ʿurf (social custom), the study maps out the diverse legal reasoning employed by past and present jurists. It critically compares the interpretive methodologies of the four Sunni madhāhib and the Jaʿfari school, highlighting both areas of convergence such as permissibility in cases of genuine deformity and points of divergence, particularly concerning purely beautifying procedures. Ultimately, the analysis reveals that while Islamic jurisprudence maintains a clear commitment to preserving human dignity and preventing harm, it also provides flexible interpretive avenues that accommodate medical necessity, corrective procedures, and culturally informed notions of adornment.
subject: Urdu Articles
  topic: section
subject: Women’s Adornment
  topic: keywords
subject: Islamic Jurisprudence
  topic: keywords
subject: Cosmetic
  topic: keywords
subject: Plastic Surgery
  topic: keywords
subject: Contemporary Fatwas
  topic: keywords
creator: Dr. Abdul Ghaffar
creator: Muhammad Abdullah
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-09-30
publication date: 2025-09-30
starting page: 93
ending page: 105

A Comparative Analysis of Madaris and Sīrah-Based Education Systems
type: item
description: This research investigates the teaching and mentorship practices employed at the registered madrassas (Islamic schools) in Karachi that operate under Wifāq ul Madāris Al ʻArabia. Analysing the design and approaches of these schools will help this study evaluate the degree to which these madrassas observe the customary Islamic educational practices and respond to the challenges posed by the modern world. Throughout this study, special focus is given to the Sīrah of Ḥaḍrat Muhammad (ﷺ). The Sīrah plays an important role in illustrating the ideal model that combines both educational mentoring as well as the spiritual and the soul. As such, this study seeks to understand how the madaris in Karachi are attempting to incorporate this model in their educational approaches, especially given the social and technological advancements in the world around them. It has been observed during this study that while such institutions are dedicated to teaching the Sīrah, the complete vision of spiritually integrated education, that is, the educational model has yet to be achieved. It is true that there is administrative intervention in the madaris and that there are efforts aimed at improving the operational, educational, and administrative efficiency of individual madaris. Even with such efforts, the development of an integrated spiritually oriented education that aligns with the intellectual and the modern education as well as moral and ethical education is an area that still requires extensive attention. One of the most important understandings of this study is the appreciation of the concordance with the Sīrah concerning educational values, particularly the principles of compassion, ethics, and personalization within the teacher-student relationship. Nonetheless, the vision for their integration within daily practice remains unfulfilled. The study proposes the integration of spiritual and ethical components within the assessment framework of madaris to evaluate whether such values…
subject: English Articles
  topic: section
subject: Islam
  topic: keywords
subject: Sīrah
  topic: keywords
subject: Education System
  topic: keywords
subject: Madaris
  topic: keywords
subject: Teacher-Student Relationship
  topic: keywords
subject: Islamic Traditions
  topic: keywords
creator: Muhammad Noman
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-09-30
publication date: 2025-09-30
starting page: 1
ending page: 11

Analytical Study of Family and Social Issues of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
type: item
description: Khyber Pakhtunkhwa is one of the most significant provinces of Pakistan, distinguished by its unique cultural, social, and historical characteristics. The majority of its population consists of Pashtuns, a nation known for its distinct traditions, values, and social norms. The religious and social attitudes of the people are deeply rooted, and Islamic law and jurisprudence hold a central position in shaping their personal and collective lives. Despite its cultural richness and strong religious foundation, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa is confronted with a number of social, economic, familial and judicial challenges which have become major obstacles to the overall progress and development of the region. These problems include widespread poverty, lack of quality education, insufficient healthcare facilities, violation of women’s rights, family disputes, delays in the justice system, and the rising rate of crime. This article, however, focuses specifically on the family and social issues of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Family problems in this province are directly linked to broader societal issues, as social norms, customs, and cultural expectations in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa often hinder the proper implementation of Islamic family laws in their true spirit. Human nature varies, and within society some individuals create complications while others attempt to resolve them. Therefore, the critical investigation of these problems and the search for practical and effective solutions is not only necessary for Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, but also important for the development of Pakistan as a whole. For this reason, the present topic is both relevant and essential in contemporary academic and social research.
subject: Urdu Articles
  topic: section
subject: Culture
  topic: keywords
subject: Women’s Rights
  topic: keywords
subject: Socio Problems
  topic: keywords
subject: Family Affairs
  topic: keywords
creator: Muhammad Nasir
creator: Dr. Aslam Khan
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-09-30
publication date: 2025-09-30
starting page: 82
ending page: 92

Dhikr, Gratitude, and Patience: A Comprehensive Concept of the Path of Servitude in the Light of the Holy Qur’ān (Thematic Analysis of Sūrah Al-Baqarah Ᾱyāt152–157)
type: item
description: This research examines the Qur’ānic concepts of Dhikr (remembrance of Allah), Shukr (gratitude), and Ṣabr (patience) as key principles for spiritual, moral, and psychological development. By employing a qualitative strategy through a thematic and analytical study of selected Qur’ānic verses, the research explores how these three virtues form a comprehensive framework Dhikr strengthens the believer’s connection with the Creator for human well-being. Dhikr creates a constant awareness of divine presence that soothes the heart and aligns human emotions with faith. Ṣabr enables endurance and moral strength in times of hardship, reinforcing reliance upon Allah and trust in His wisdom. Shukr transforms the believer’s perception of reality, fostering contentment, humility, and a positive outlook on life. Together, these three principles constitute a dynamic spiritual triad that enhances resilience, emotional balance, and social harmony. The study further demonstrates that these principles are not confined to spiritual practice but also offer practical guidance for addressing modern challenges such as anxiety, materialism, and moral decline. The findings indicate that remembrance strengthens patience, patience deepens gratitude, and gratitude sustains remembrance forming a self-reinforcing cycle of spiritual growth. The study suggests that these values hold significant relevance for addressing modern challenges such as anxiety, materialism, and moral fragmentation. Integrating Dhikr, Ṣabr, and Shukr into personal life, education, and community practice can cultivate both individual well-being and collective spiritual consciousness.
subject: Urdu Articles
  topic: section
subject: Dhikr
  topic: keywords
subject: Ṣabr
  topic: keywords
subject: Shukr
  topic: keywords
subject: Qur’ānic Ethics
  topic: keywords
subject: Spiritual Psychology
  topic: keywords
subject: Gratitude
  topic: keywords
subject: Patience
  topic: keywords
subject: Remembrance of Allah
  topic: keywords
creator: Adiya Younus
creator: Dr. Maqbool Hassan
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-09-29
publication date: 2025-09-29
starting page: 67
ending page: 81

Standards of Reasoning from the Tacit Approvals of the Prophet (ﷺ)
type: item
description: The tacit approvals (taqrīrāt) of the Prophet Muḥammad (ﷺ) represent a significant source of Islamic law and jurisprudential reasoning, as they embody the Prophet’s silent endorsement of particular acts, sayings, or practices performed in his presence. This research explores the methodological and epistemological standards through which jurists infer legal and moral rulings from such tacit approvals. It examines the conditions under which a tacit approval attains evidentiary authority (ḥujjiyyah), such as the Prophet’s awareness of the act, absence of disapproval, and contextual relevance. The paper further analyzes the standards of reasoning (ma‘āyīr al-istidlāl) applied by classical jurists, including considerations of time, circumstance, and custom, and evaluates how these standards ensure the reliability of inferences drawn from silence or non-objection. Comparative discussions between the major schools of Islamic jurisprudence reveal nuanced differences in the scope and application of tacit approvals in deriving legal rulings. The study concludes that taqrīrāt nabawiyyah provide a profound epistemic foundation for understanding the Prophet’s normative guidance, emphasizing that reasoning from them must adhere to strict methodological standards that preserve both textual integrity and juristic precision.
subject: Urdu Articles
  topic: section
subject: Taqrīrāt
  topic: keywords
subject: Tacit Approvals
  topic: keywords
subject: Islamic Law
  topic: keywords
subject: Custom
  topic: keywords
subject: Reasoning
  topic: keywords
creator: Muhammad Sajid
creator: Dr. Abdul Ghaffar
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-09-15
publication date: 2025-09-15
starting page: 57
ending page: 66

Obstacles to Social Peace and Stability and their Remedies
type: item
description: The present study undertakes a critical examination of the multifarious impediments to social peace and stability, with particular emphasis on socio-cultural, economic, political, legal, and technological dimensions. It contends that factors such as sectarian and religious conflicts, economic inequalities, political polarization, weak legal enforcement, cultural intolerance, and the unregulated use of modern technology collectively generate conditions of social disharmony and instability. By employing an analytical framework, the research underscores the necessity of a holistic and integrated approach to conflict resolution and peacebuilding. The findings suggest that the synergy between state institutions and community-based organizations plays a pivotal role in mitigating these challenges. Moreover, the activation of peace committees, local councils, and community mediation forums, coupled with initiatives for public education, awareness, and value-based training, are identified as crucial instruments for fostering tolerance, inclusivity, and social cohesion. Ensuring equitable distribution of resources and expanding economic opportunities are further highlighted as indispensable measures for addressing marginalization and systemic disparities. Finally, the study emphasizes the regulation of digital platforms and the promotion of digital literacy as essential mechanisms for countering misinformation and extremist narratives. The research concludes that the integration of these strategies can serve as a viable pathway toward constructing a resilient, peaceful, and sustainable society.
subject: Urdu Articles
  topic: section
subject: Social Peace
  topic: keywords
subject: Stability
  topic: keywords
subject: Conflict Resolution
  topic: keywords
subject: Sectarianism
  topic: keywords
subject: Legal Enforcement
  topic: keywords
subject: Sustainable Society
  topic: keywords
creator: Muhammad Zubair
creator: Dr. Muhammad Munir Azher
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-09-10
publication date: 2025-09-10
starting page: 46
ending page: 56

The Negative Effects of Using Tik-Tok and Instagram on Muslim Youth and its Solution in Islamic Teachings
type: item
description: The rapid expansion of social media platforms such as Tik-Tok and Instagram has profoundly influenced the behavioural, moral, and intellectual patterns of youth across the globe. Among Muslim youth, these effects are particularly significant as they intersect with religious, ethical, and cultural values rooted in Islamic teachings. This study examines the negative psychological, moral, and social consequences of excessive engagement with Tik-Tok and Instagram, focusing on issues such as time wastage, identity distortion, moral decline, the normalization of immodesty, and detachment from religious and communal responsibilities. Using a qualitative analytical approach, the paper draws upon empirical studies, sociological data, and classical Islamic sources to understand how digital consumerism and the pursuit of online validation erode spiritual consciousness and moral discipline. The research also highlights the subtle mechanisms through which these platforms promote materialism, narcissism, and ideological secularization among Muslim youth. In response, the study explores comprehensive solutions derived from Islamic teachings, emphasizing the Qur’ānic concept of ḥayāʼ (modesty), taqwā (God-consciousness), and the Prophetic model of social responsibility. The paper proposes an Islamic framework for ethical digital engagement that integrates self-accountability (muḥāsabah), purposeful media consumption, and community-based moral education. It concludes that effective guidance rooted in Qur’ānic principles and the Sunnah can help Muslim youth navigate modern digital environments without compromising their faith, moral integrity, or identity. Thus, the research contributes to contemporary Islamic discourse on media ethics by offering a balanced perspective that harmonizes technological participation with spiritual well-being.
subject: English Articles
  topic: section
subject: Social Media
  topic: keywords
subject: Muslim Youth
  topic: keywords
subject: Tik-Tok
  topic: keywords
subject: Instagram
  topic: keywords
subject: Spiritual Impact
  topic: keywords
creator: Dr. Abdul Rahman
rights: Copyright (c) 2024
date: 2024-12-31
publication date: 2024-12-31
starting page: 18
ending page: 26

An Analysis of the Critiques of Ṣūfī Beliefs on Prophethood and Messengership
type: item
description: The doctrines of prophethood and messengership occupy a pivotal place in Islamic theology, shaping the core of Muslim belief and intellectual reflection. Within this discourse, Ṣūfī thought elaborated distinctive interpretations of the nature, functions, and spiritual dimensions of prophethood and messengership, articulated through symbolic, metaphysical, and experiential frameworks. While these perspectives enriched the spiritual and mystical heritage of Islam, they simultaneously became a focus of criticism from opponents of Ṣūfīsm, who contended that certain mystical formulations risked compromising theological orthodoxy or obscuring doctrinal clarity. This article undertakes a critical examination of these debates by analyzing both the epistemological and metaphysical foundations of Sufi conceptions and the principal objections raised by their critics. The study seeks to provide a balanced scholarly evaluation of this controversy, tracing its implications for Islamic theology, mysticism, and the broader discourse on orthodoxy and heterodoxy within Muslim intellectual history.
subject: Urdu Articles
  topic: section
subject: Prophethood
  topic: keywords
subject: Ṣūfī Thought
  topic: keywords
subject: Mysticism
  topic: keywords
subject: Islamic Theology
  topic: keywords
subject: Metaphysical
  topic: keywords
creator: Dr. Muhammad Akram
creator: Muhammad Saad
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-09-01
publication date: 2025-09-01
starting page: 30
ending page: 45

Islamic Principles of Child Education and Upbringing and the Role of Parents: Study of Qur’ānic Teachings
type: item
description: The upbringing and character formation of children constitute a fundamental and comprehensive aspect of human life that has always been accorded exceptional significance across all eras. In the contemporary age, social evolution, intellectual and scientific advancements, and the overwhelming influence of technology have rendered the responsibilities of parents, teachers, and society more delicate and complex. This paper is in the light of the teachings of the Holy Qur’ān and the Prophet’s Sunnah (ﷺ), elucidates the principles of balanced personality development and character building of children. It particularly highlights the pivotal role of parents and social institutions in nurturing the intellectual, moral, and spiritual growth of future generations. The responsibility of parents is not confined merely to the fulfillment of material needs; rather, the holistic upbringing of faith, morality, and intellect is also an indispensable part of their duties. Islamic teachings emphasize that the formation of a child’s personality is unattainable without the integration of love, wisdom, and discipline. Parents, through their words and actions, serve as the primary role models, while educational institutions and society provide a supportive environment for the child’s moral and intellectual development. By harmonizing Islamic teachings with the demands of the modern era, a balanced and practical framework can be devised to guide the development of a moderate, cultured, and morally upright generation. It is, therefore, the mutual and balanced contribution of parents, teachers, and society that ensures the successful and effective upbringing of future generations in accordance with the Qur’ān and Sunnah.
subject: Urdu Articles
  topic: section
subject: Human Life
  topic: keywords
subject: Character Formation
  topic: keywords
subject: Upbringing
  topic: keywords
subject: Parenting
  topic: keywords
subject: Qur’ān
  topic: keywords
subject: Sunnah
  topic: keywords
creator: Naimat Ullah Khan
creator: Dr. Hafiz Iftikhar Ahmad
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-08-30
publication date: 2025-08-30
starting page: 17
ending page: 29

Juristic Discourses and Modern Issues Concerning the Offspring of Crossbreeding between Ḥalāl and Ḥarām Animals: A Study in the Light of Ḥanafī Fiqh
type: item
description: This study explores the important juristic question of determining the permissibility (ḥalāl) or prohibition (ḥarām) of animals within the framework of Ḥanafī jurisprudence. According to the Ḥanafī school, if two permissible animals interbreed, their offspring is unanimously considered ḥalāl, and if two impermissible animals interbreed, their offspring is unanimously considered ḥarām. However, when a permissible (mākūl al-laḥm) and an impermissible (ghayr mākūl al-laḥm) animal interbreed, juristic differences arise. Some jurists hold that if the offspring resembles the impermissible parent, it should be deemed ḥarām, while another opinion states that such an offspring is categorically prohibited, since the principle is that when ḥalāl and ḥarām are combined, prohibition prevails. Nevertheless, the majority of Ḥanafī jurists maintain that the decisive factor is the mother; hence, if the mother is ḥalāl, the offspring is also considered ḥalāl, even if the father is ḥarām. This article examines these foundational principles exclusively from the Ḥanafī perspective and applies them to contemporary issues such as genetic engineering, crossbreeding, and lab-grown meat. The discussion demonstrates how classical jurisprudential principles continue to provide guidance in modern scientific contexts, underlining the need for further academic engagement with these emerging challenges.
subject: Urdu Articles
  topic: section
subject: Ḥanafī Fiqh
  topic: keywords
subject: Ḥalāl
  topic: keywords
subject: Ḥarām
  topic: keywords
subject: Hybrid Animals
  topic: keywords
subject: Crossbreeding
  topic: keywords
subject: Genetic Engineering
  topic: keywords
creator: Dr. Ghazi Abdul Rehman Qasimi
creator: Dr. Razia Shabana
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-08-25
publication date: 2025-08-25
starting page: 01
ending page: 16

The Defense of the Doctrine of Finality of Prophethood: A Study of Local and International Efforts
type: item
description: The doctrine of the Finality of Prophethood is a cornerstone of Islamic belief, ensuring the preservation of divine revelation and the protection of the Muslim community from false claims of prophethood. Throughout history, deviant movements such as Qadianism have challenged this principle, prompting the establishment of the World Council for the Protection of the Finality of Prophethood in Pakistan in 1953. The Council played a vital role in uniting Muslim scholars across different schools of thought, organizing international conferences, publishing refutations, and raising awareness about the dangers of Qadianism. Its efforts culminated in the historic 1974 resolution of the Pakistani Parliament declaring Qadianis a non-Muslim minority, an achievement further reinforced by the World Muslim League’s conference in Makkah. The Council’s activities ranging from education and media engagement to building international networks highlight the importance of collective action in defending core Islamic doctrines.
subject: Arabic Articles
  topic: section
subject: Prophethood
  topic: keywords
subject: Islamic Belief
  topic: keywords
subject: History
  topic: keywords
subject: Doctrine
  topic: keywords
subject: Divine Revelation
  topic: keywords
creator: Dr. Abdur Rahman Khalil
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-08-21
publication date: 2025-08-21
starting page: 01
ending page: 11

Scientific Exegesis within the Parameters of Sharīʻah: An Analytical Study of the Arguments of Proponents and Opponents
type: item
description: The Holy Qur’ān, as the final divine revelation, embodies an eternal miracle encompassing intellectual, rational, and spiritual dimensions. Its guidance extends to all spheres of life, providing principles of faith, law, politics, economy, and social order. With the passage of time, scholars have approached the Qur’ān through various interpretive lenses, opening ever-new avenues of research and reflection. Among these approaches, scientific exegesis (al-tafsīr al-ʿilmī) has emerged prominently in the modern era, wherein scholars attempt to interpret Qur’ānic verses in light of contemporary scientific discoveries. This trend, however, has given rise to a significant scholarly debate. Advocates of scientific tafsīr view it as a means to demonstrate the Qur’ān’s miraculous nature and its harmony with modern knowledge, while critics argue that such interpretations risk subjecting the divine text to the changing theories of science, thereby undermining its timelessness. This study critically examines the Sharīʿah status of scientific exegesis, presenting the arguments of both its proponents and opponents, and evaluates its place within the broader framework of Qur’ānic hermeneutic.
subject: Urdu Articles
  topic: section
subject: Qur’ān
  topic: keywords
subject: Scientific Exegesis
  topic: keywords
subject: Modern
  topic: keywords
subject: Sharīʿah Parameters
  topic: keywords
creator: Dr. Abdul Rahman
creator: Saad Madni
rights: Copyright (c) 2024
date: 2024-09-30
publication date: 2024-09-30

A Special Study of the Appreciation and Literary Trends from the Study of the Sīrat-al-Nabī (ﷺ) by Orientalists
type: item
description: This article examines the perspectives of non-Muslims on the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ. It argues that while some biased non-Muslim authors have spread misinformation to undermine Islam, many others have recognized and praised the Prophet's character. The article highlights how even his enemies and contemporaries, such as Abu Sufyan (before his conversion) and leaders like Heraclius and Urwah ibn Mas'ud, acknowledged his truthfulness, trustworthiness, and profound influence. The text presents the laudatory views of several prominent non-Muslims from different eras and backgrounds. It cites figures like Thomas Carlyle, Leo Tolstoy, Napoleon Bonaparte, and Mahatma Gandhi, who admired the Prophet’s leadership, moral virtues, and transformative impact on society. The article also discusses how the Prophet's teachings on social equality and justice impressed many, including scholars like Arnold J. Toynbee and R. K. Rao. Furthermore, the article identifies three specific trends in non-Muslim writings about the Prophet: a commendatory trend, an academic/scholarly trend, and a literary/poetic trend. It explains that the scholarly trend, which emerged in the 17th and 18th centuries, focused on translating and studying early Islamic texts, leading to a more objective understanding of the Prophet's life. The literary trend, particularly prevalent among some Hindu and Sikh authors, expresses reverence and admiration through prose and poetry. The article concludes that these diverse positive portrayals from non-Muslims testify to the Prophet Muhammad’s universal and exemplary character.
subject: Urdu Articles
  topic: section
subject: Non-Muslim Perspectives
  topic: keywords
subject: Commendatory trend
  topic: keywords
subject: Social Equality
  topic: keywords
subject: Justice
  topic: keywords
subject: Historical Figures
  topic: keywords
creator: Dr. Abdul Rahman
rights: Copyright (c) 2024
date: 2024-06-30
publication date: 2024-06-30
starting page: 328
ending page: 339