Shāh Wali Ullāh's Philosophy of Congregation and Its Contemporary Significance

شاہ ولی ا للہ کا فلسفہ اجتماع اور اس کی عصری اہمیت

Abstract

The scientific and industrial revolution that came to Europe in the seventeenth century AD ended the triangle of power of monarchy, feudalism and papacy and modernized the society on the basis of democracy, industry, knowledge and rationalism. Western philosophers, especially John Locke, Rousseau, Thomas, Freud, Adam Smith and Karl Marx played a very important role in the reconstruction of Europe. These philosophers envisioned the reconstruction of European society based on secular philosophy. While in the subcontinent in the same era, Imām Shāh Wali Ullāh presented the philosophy of forming a society on religious basis in the context of the changing world conditions and changes the demands of the new era. In the political theory of social formation, he envisioned a government based on public support and protection. In economics, he envisioned the protection of the rights of the working class, the determination of working hours and minimum taxes for public welfare. He envisioned sociology, introduced the theory of evolution in which he shed light on the history of evolutionary stages of human society. He clarified the features of the establishment of international government from the early life of man. He not only mentioned the problems of the past from the study of history but also presented the solution of the problems faced by the human community in the present. He called the combination of material development and relationship with Allāh necessary for the formation of a righteous society.